Ink.



' To all'whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM G: UEBTH, DIE-NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIIGNOR 'ro EQUILIBRATOE conrm, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A conromzrron OF NEW JERSEY.

INK.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. FUEn'rH,

' a citizen of the United States, residing at the same.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of inks used'for any-copying machines commonly known as the mimeograph, neostyle, and similar machines where the ink is fed through a perforated cylinder on to a cloth mat or other device by which-the ink is delivereddirectly to the stencil from which the copy is made.

My invention has more particularly for its object, the production of an ink, emulsive in form, permanent in character, adaptable to changes of term erature and to various forms of stencil uplicating machines which will also give a perfect impression from a hand written or a ty ewritten copy.

My inventionalso particularly relates to inks capable of being used with various forms of erforated metal plates through which the ink is fed and readily ada table to those various forms and which W1 1 not have any chemical efi ect upon the metal surfaces of these platesand which will also be neutral to the. coated waxsheets used for du licating purposes.

n the compoundin of my ink-emulsion I first repare an a sorbent basev or siccative, t e equivalents of magnesium carbonate; sulfate of barium; the well known commercial article of blanc fixe; French chalk; zinc oxid; or an like absorbent. These bases I charge wit 1 the proper proortion of hygroscopic or non-sa onifiable ngredients, and triturate, or grin them, as

the case may require. I next take the saponifiables, such as fatty oils; castor oil, olive oil, etc., or their equivalent in prepared soaps, in connection with any of t e above mentioned bases, and a hygroscopic menstruum, such as glycerin, with the proper proportion of water. For screens of very open construction I prefer an absorbent or Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

Application filed June 26,4906. Serial No. 323,533.

earthly base of about 30% by weight of the compound. These are heated and form a. ropy fluid.

I will now give for illustration further details of the roduction of one form of my improved in c. I separately prepare three distinct compositions which for conven iencc may be called A, B, C. Com osition A is prepared as follows: Forty-eig t 48 parts glycerin are mixed with sixteen 16 parts water without heat, and to this mixture is added sixteen (16) parts of carbonate of magnesia. Composition B is made by mixing thirty-two (32) parts of water to seventy-two (72) parts of ure g1 cerin. In this mixture is dissolved ninety-six (96) parts of a powdered soap. An soap coning dissolved therein. My improved ink is madeby adding composition B to composition A, and to the mixture of B and A adding composition C. The preparations above for each composition wil make a quantit of each com-position complementary to eac other.

Instead of carbonate of magnesia above mentioned any suitable filler such as sulfate of barium, (blanc fixe), calcium carbonate, kaolin or other inert'mineral substance ma be added, in which case the mixture is pre erabl ground before being used.

I db not wish to be confined specifically to the .use of the filler above mention The use of such a filler is important in that it assists to preserve the emulsive properties comprises, first, a soap serving as a vehicle or carrier for the coloring matter, which soap possesses the properties of being noncorrosive and neutral to the metal of the stenciling machine, and also neutral or. indifferent to the wax and the vegetable fiber of the stencil sheet, and of being smeary or 1 capable of flowing; second, a hygroscopic substance which serves to prevent the soap from drying up or losing moisture, and

I which also adds miscibility to the soap body; and third, a substance which'adds weight or body to the foregoin so as to I make the latter sufiiciently stiff and nonflowing for stenciling purposes; this weighting agent being carbonate of magnesia which physically is very smooth and unctuous and ofa lubricating nature, which enables it to flow with the requisite freedom through the pores of the stencil cylinder and through the ink mat, and also to pass throu h the opening in the delicate waxed stencil sheet without injury theretofi The waxed. stencil sheet is adjusted upon an ink-cloth or mat, and the latter firmly held upon a perforated metal cylinder or drum, the interior of which is char ed with the stenciling ink herein disclose, which passes through the perforations and is abamass sorbed withm .the weave of the ink-mat.

causes the ink to be drawn or pressed from the ink-mat through the stencil onto the paper sheet, whereby a printed or stenciled co y is obtained.

- y my invention I eliminate the objec- The paper sheet to be stenciled is passed between the drum and a pressure roll, which tions heretofore experienced, ofclo gingof' the 1perforations in the drum or of t e pores in t e mat, by the drying up of the ink, or

by the formation of clots or lumps therein of one or more of its ingredients; of too copious flow of the ink; of the production of objectionable vacuums, or tendenciesto produce the same, due to too great viscidity of the ink; and of oxidation or drying up,

and skinnin of the ink; that is, theforvmation of a s in thereon while in the stenciling machine. a

My 'nk is anextremely hygroscopic composition, which will remain moist in the stencilin machine even if printing is done only at ong intervals; and inasmuch as its ori inal alkaline properties have been neutra ized, it will not corrode the metal parts of the stenciling machine. It will not clog the perforations nor clog the ink mat, and. the latter remains serviceable until wornthreadbare. 7

Where the perforations in the stenciling cylinder are large and relatively few, say 64 to the square inch, the ink should contain the aforesaid absorbent filling or siccative base, so that the ink may not flood through the perforations, but may remain upon the interior of the drum until drawn upon in the printing process. Said absorbent filling I is not however necessary where a finer screen 1s used, and 1t may t erefore be omitted, I:

and the hygroscopic vehicle in such a case:

may include polysaccharides, isomeric with .cane-sugar or dextrin, which are heated with the other elements of the composition until the pro er consistency is obtained. 1 a

It wi l be seen that I repare my hygroscopic by means of fixed 011s or glycerids, non-saponifiables, and natural incompatibles which are bound with saponifiables by means of alkalinemenstruums and the'ab-.

sorbent earths incorporatedboth for drying as well as for the purpose of taking up the free liquids or super-natants; and by this means I guard the compound against variations caused by fermentation or the development of the higher alcohols, which would tend to split the composition, or cause the deposit of a precipitate. The compound does not deteriorate with age, but rather improves. It is neutral to the metal .surfaces of, the stenciling machine, and will dry with reasonable celerity, without runningor spreading.

I am aware that it is old in the art to make printing inks in which mineral substances either colored or uncolored are used, and I am also aware that other varieties of ink have been made to which mineral substances have been added, but it is new in the art to make an .ink for duplicating machines in which a mineralfiller is an ingredient and which is of a permanent character andv in which the ingredients will not separate from each other.

What I claim and. desire to secure by Ietters Patent, is as follows:

1. ;An ink for stencil duplicating purposes comprising water, coloring matter, glycerin, soap, and carbonate of ma esia.

2. A hygroscopic ink or" stencil duplieating purposes, containing soap, a body of compounded with sufficient free glycerin to I form a hygroscopic ink.

6. A free hygroscopic element, water, 001- oring matter, and a highly plastic soap, compounded with an unctuous earthly base which is chemically indifferent to stencil- 'WiLX, to form a hygroscopic semi-fluid ink composition. I

7. An absorbent unct-uousmlneral filler,

coloring matter, Water, and glycerin, comset forth above I have hereunto set my hand poundedwith soa i110 fofm a stencillilngfiilrlik, this 25th day of J une, 1906. the proportion o t e g ycerin to t e er being such as to render the ink 11ygroscopic, WILLIAM B UERTH' s the filler comprising about 30% by weight Witnesses:

ofthe compound. FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL,

In testimony, that I claim the invention FREDERICK J AMISON. 

